Several U.S. states have unveiled new climate action plans or revised existing strategies to achieve their emissions reduction mandates. California, New York, and Michigan are among states that have recently adopted plans to achieve net-zero emissions or to move towards carbon neutrality by mid-century.
Net metering policies, which have been instrumental in driving the growth of distributed solar across the U.S., are poised for further evolution as states explore a holistic approach to establish compensation mechanisms. In California, a long-time leader in solar adoption, regulators have approved a significant overhaul of the net metering program, a decision that will likely have broad implications for the industry nationwide.
Demand response (DR) continues to garner attention as a key reliability tool amid the ongoing transition to renewable energy, increased electrification, and extreme weather. Traditionally intended to shed load and prevent blackouts during peak demand periods, DR is increasingly valued for its ability to address imbalances caused by the variability in wind and solar generation.
As the transition to a carbon-free grid relies on the integration of diverse renewable energy resources, the need for long-duration energy storage has become more essential. Storage systems capable of supplying energy for 10 hours or more, or adequate stored energy to provide firm capacity to the grid have been garnering attention to accommodate renewables and support grid stability.
Efforts to preserve and expand the U.S. nuclear fleet are figuring more prominently across the U.S., spurred by the growing demand for emission-free energy. In particular, policy actions and initiatives are geared towards making nuclear power more competitive.
Ambitious federal goals and initiatives to boost offshore wind power generation, coupled with state commitments, are opening new frontiers for the industry. Recent developments reflect the growing emphasis on transmission infrastructure upgrades and regional planning required to make these goals a reality.
Ambitious clean energy and reliability goals continue to drive grid modernization efforts ranging from proposed rules to encourage utility investments in cybersecurity to a $10.5 billion initiative to enhance grid resilience.
Technological advancements and climate goals are driving the transformation to distributed energy resources (DER), such as solar photovoltaic systems. The transformation, which is empowering consumers with more choices and energy management options, has also prompted an evaluation of potential cybersecurity risks stemming from anticipated future growth.
Federal and state initiatives to foster the growth of electric vehicles are on the rise, depicting the critical role that the transportation sector is poised to play in achieving climate goals and building a clean economy.
The New England region relies on imported liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the winter to meet natural gas demand due to an inadequate gas pipeline network. The reliance on imports is increasingly fraught as the region competes in the global market where high and volatile prices pose supply risk and pricing uncertainty.
Across the U.S., transmission development initiatives are advancing at a swift pace to deliver on state policy objectives. Transmission expansion is essential to improve the integration of renewable energy and allow better utilization of intermittent, zero-carbon resources like solar and wind.
Discussions about carbon pricing continue to evolve as the strategy is increasingly viewed as a policy tool that can play an expanded role in a broader policy mix to meet ambitious climate goals.